Do Lithium Ion Batteries Get Old in Storage?
Introduction
Lithium ion batteries are widely used in various electronic devices such as smartphones, laptops, and electric vehicles. However, one common concern among users is whether these batteries deteriorate over time when not in use. In this article, we will explore whether lithium ion batteries get old in storage.What Causes Aging in Lithium Ion Batteries?
Chemical Reactions
When lithium ion batteries are stored, chemical reactions can occur within the battery cells that lead to degradation. These reactions can cause the formation of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layers, which can decrease the battery’s capacity and performance over time.Self-Discharge
Lithium ion batteries have a natural tendency to self-discharge when not in use. This self-discharge can lead to the depletion of the battery’s charge, which can accelerate aging and reduce the overall lifespan of the battery.Effects of Aging in Storage
Capacity Loss
One of the primary effects of storing lithium ion batteries is capacity loss. As the battery ages, its ability to hold a charge diminishes, resulting in reduced run time for electronic devices.Increased Internal Resistance
Aging in storage can also lead to an increase in the battery’s internal resistance. This can cause issues such as reduced power output and slower charging times.Safety Concerns
Older lithium ion batteries are more prone to safety risks such as overheating and potential thermal runaway. Storing aging batteries in improper conditions can increase the likelihood of these hazards.How to Preserve Lithium Ion Batteries in Storage
Optimal Storage Conditions
To prolong the lifespan of lithium ion batteries in storage, it is important to store them in a cool, dry environment at a partial state of charge (around 50%). This can prevent the formation of SEI layers and reduce self-discharge.Regular Maintenance
Performing regular maintenance on stored lithium ion batteries, such as charging and discharging them at regular intervals, can help prevent capacity loss and maintain their performance.Proper Disposal
When lithium ion batteries reach the end of their lifespan, it is crucial to dispose of them properly to prevent environmental contamination. Many manufacturers and retailers offer recycling programs for old batteries.In conclusion, lithium ion batteries do experience aging in storage due to chemical reactions, self-discharge, and other factors. However, by storing them in optimal conditions and practicing regular maintenance, it is possible to preserve the performance and lifespan of these batteries.
