How is Electrical Energy Generated by Photovoltaic Cells

Introduction

Photovoltaic cells, also known as solar cells, are devices that convert sunlight into electrical energy. This process, known as the photovoltaic effect, has been the basis for solar power generation for decades. This article will discuss the process of how electrical energy is generated by photovoltaic cells.

Photovoltaic Cells

Composition

Photovoltaic cells are typically made of semiconductor such as silicon. sunlight strikes the cell, it excites the electrons within the material, creating a flow of electricity.

Process

When sunlight hits the photovoltaic cell, it transfers energy to the electrons in the semiconductor material. This causes the electrons to break free from their atoms and flow through the material as electricity.

Electricity Generation

Direct Current

The flow of electricity generated by the photovoltaic cell is in the form of direct current (DC). This type of electricity is used to power many common household and industrial devices.

Conversion

In order to use the electricity generated by photovoltaic cells for common household appliances, it must be converted from DC to alternating current (AC) using an inverter.

Storage

Excess electricity generated by photovoltaic cells can be stored in batteries for later use, providing a reliable source of energy even when the sun is not shining.

Conclusion

Photovoltaic cells are a clean and sustainable source of energy that have the potential to revolutionize the way we power our world. By harnessing the power of sunlight, these cells can generate electricity with minimal impact on the environment. Understanding the process of how electrical energy is generated by photovoltaic cells is key to unlocking the full potential of solar power.