How is Electricity Generated Using Photovoltaic Cells
Introduction
Photovoltaic cells, also known as solar cells, are devices that convert sunlight into electricity. This clean and renewable energy source has become increasingly popular in recent years. Let’s take a look at how electricity is generated using photovoltaic cells.
Function of Photovoltaic Cells
1. Absorption of Sunlight
When sunlight hits the photovoltaic cells, the cells absorb the photons from the sunlight. These photons contain energy that will be converted into electricity.
2. Generation of Electric Field
When the photons are absorbed, they knock electrons loose from the atoms in the photovoltaic material, creating a flow of electricity. This is known as the photoelectric effect.
3. Collection of Electrons
The electric field within the cell forces the electrons to flow in a certain direction, creating a direct current (DC) of electricity. This current is then collected by the conductive wiring in the solar cell.
Conversion of Electricity
4. Inversion from DC to AC
The electricity generated by the photovoltaic cells is in the form of direct current (DC), which needs to be converted into alternating current (AC) for use in households and businesses. This is done using a device called an inverter.
5. Utilization of Electricity
Once the electricity has been converted to AC, it can be used to power appliances, lights, and other electrical devices. Any excess electricity can be fed back into the grid for others to use.
Conclusion
Photovoltaic cells are a sustainable and environmentally friendly way of generating electricity. With advancements in technology, photovoltaic cells are becoming more efficient and affordable, making solar energy an increasingly viable energy source for the future.
